Power Plant Analysis

Energy Conversion :      1HP(Horse power) = 746 Watts = 0.746 Kilo Watts 1 Joule = 1 watt-second 1 kWh = 1 kW  ×  1 hr  = 1000 watts × 3600 seconds             = 36 × 10 5  joules  =3,412 Btu = 860 kcal              = 1Unit of electricity 1 Watt = 3.412 Btu/hour 1 Calorie = 4.184 Joules 1 kcal/Kg = 1.8 Btu’s/lb. 1 Btu = 252 Calories = 1,055 Joules 1 Million Btu = 293.1 kWh 1 Btu/lb. = 2.3260000 kJ/kg = 0.5559 Kilocalories/kg 1Chu ( Centigrade Heat Unit)= 1.8Btu = 1899 joules 1 Therm =  10,54,80,400 joules    = 100,000 Btu (British Thermal Units)   Mass Conversion :          1 kgf (kilogram-force )= 9.8 N (Newtons) 1 lb = 0.45359237 kg 1 kg = 1000g = 2.20462262 lb Pressure Conversion :  1 bar =  10 5  Pa(Pascal)  =  1.01 kg/cm 2                                                             =  14.50 psi (pound per square inch) 1 kg/cm 2   =  0.98 bar =  980.665 mbar (milli bar)  =  98.06 kPa = 0.098 MPa      =  10000 mmwc (mm of water column)    

The performance of any thermal power plant depends on so many factors like coal quality, heat rate, cycle efficiency, design etc. The efficiency of any plant is not constant always but reduces years of years. Generally a coal fired thermal power plant efficiently performs for 25 years if all the required maintainance is done time to time.   Heat rate  - “Heat rate is the heat required to generate one unit of electrical energy.” Heat rate in a thermal power plant is measure constitute for its thermal efficiency. The plant output should be higher with minimum heat requirement so we can say that the heat rate must be as low as possible.                         The property of heat generation by fuel/coal depends on the calorific value. Also the CV(Calorific Value) depends on the elemental and non-elemental composition of coal. The analysis of coal composition are divided into two categories: Proximate analysis  – In this analysis non-elemental composition are calculated. The non-e

In power plant, most of the terms are called as short form of their actual. These are given below :   ATRS = Automatic Turbine Run-Up System ASTM = American Society for Testing of Material AOP = Auxiliary Oil Pump ACW = Auxiliary Cooling Water ACI = Automatic Control Interface AVGF = Automatic Valveless Gravity Filter ASLD = Acoustic Sound Level Detector APRDS = Auxiliary Pressure Reducing De-Superheating System AHP = Ash Handling Plant ATT = Automatic Turbine Test AVT = All Volatile Treatment ABT = Availability Based Tariff APH = Air Pre-Heater BMCR = Boiler Maximum Continuous Rating BFP = Boiler Feed Pump BFP = Boiler Fill Pump BEM = Bus Extension Module COC = Change Over Contact CI = Control Interface CDM = Clean Development Mechanism CCM = Clean Coal Mechanism CEP = Condensate Extraction Pump CW = Cooling Water CERC = Central Electricity Regularity Commission CEA = Central Electricity Authority COC = Cycles of Concentration